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- <text id=94TT1804>
- <title>
- Dec. 26, 1994: Technology:Ready for Prime Time?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Dec. 26, 1994 Man of the Year:Pope John Paul II
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- TECHNOLOGY, Page 125
- Ready for Prime Time?
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Time Warner's Full Service Network is the Cadillac of interactive-TV
- tests--and surprisingly fun to drive
- </p>
- <p>By Philip Elmer-Dewitt/Orlando--With reporting by Richard Woodbury/Denver
- </p>
- <p> It was, if nothing else, a smooth presentation. Remote control
- in hand, Time Warner chairman Gerald Levin last week greeted
- a crowd of skeptical reporters in an Orlando, Florida, hotel
- ballroom, then pushed the "on" button and, with the help of
- Jim Chiddix, Time Warner Cable's technology chief, began the
- first public demonstration of the world's most sophisticated--and expensive--interactive-TV system.
- </p>
- <p> Nearly two years have passed since Levin announced Time Warner's
- plan to invest $5 billion over five years for construction of
- what he called the Full Service Network. Within 18 months, he
- promised, his company would begin delivering interactive-video
- services to an area embracing 4,000 Time Warner Cable customers
- in suburban Orlando. It was now eight months late and at least
- 3,995 customers shy of the target, but Levin finally had something
- to show.
- </p>
- <p> First he ordered a movie: a Sylvester Stallone vehicle called
- the The Specialist (cost: $2.95). Then, pressing the "fast-forward"
- button on his remote, he zipped ahead to what he said was his
- favorite scene--Sharon Stone bending down to place flowers
- on the grave of the family she had lost to a mob bombing. He
- pressed "pause" and, like a gadget-crazed kid, began putting
- his multimillion-dollar toy through its paces. With The Specialist
- still on hold, he ordered a second movie, The Client, fast-forwarded
- to another favorite scene--where Susan Sarandon is deciding
- whether or not to take Brad Renfro's case--and pressed "pause"
- again.
- </p>
- <p> "Now let's see if we can break it," he said. With both movies
- on hold, he returned to the main menu--a revolving carousel
- offering shopping, games, sports, news, movies. He entered a
- computer-generated shopping mall, complete with a white stucco
- Crate & Barrel store and the curved glass facade of Sharper
- Image. He visited a Post Office shop that offered next-day stamp
- delivery and three-hour package pickup. He popped into the Warner
- Bros. Studio Store, where he ordered a pair of $10 raspberry-colored
- baseball caps. He visited the video-game area and played interactive
- gin rummy with the Willards, the FSN's first live customers,
- who were sitting at a TV set down the road.
- </p>
- <p> Finally he returned to his movies to see whether the system
- remembered where he had left off. He selected The Specialist,
- and sure enough, there was Sharon Stone, still bending over
- that grave with the flowers in her hand. The room burst into
- applause.
- </p>
- <p> This was the holy grail of interactive television: true video
- on demand. What you want to see, when you want to see it, delivered
- to your TV and only your TV. And it was real. Not a "proof of
- concept" demo, but a working system being used in at least a
- handful of customers' homes.
- </p>
- <p> The FSN system, built in collaboration with Silicon Graphics,
- AT& T, Scientific-Atlanta and a long list of subcontractors,
- is almost dizzyingly complex. Huge racks of computer disk drives
- called file servers store movies and other "video assets" in
- digital form. Giant switches called ATMS shuttle prodigious
- quantities of data at blistering speeds. A set-top box with
- five times the computing power of a top-of-the-line IBM PC downloads
- images from the server at the rate of 30 pictures a second.
- Press a button on the remote, and the signal travels through
- cable-TV lines, fiber-optic wires, switches and servers on the
- other side of town in less time than it takes for a conventional
- remote control to change the channel on a TV set across a living
- room.
- </p>
- <p> In hands-on tests, the system rarely tests your patience. Click
- on a selection, and the network responds almost immediately.
- It feels "alive"--almost too much so. Whatever category you
- select starts promoting itself immediately, pitching a product
- or showing a movie trailer. But if you don't like what you see,
- you can always move on. Hitting the "carousel" button, for example,
- takes you back to the main menu. There's also a handy "skip
- forward 10 minutes" button, which turned out to be perfect for
- finding Elle MacPherson's nude scenes in Sirens--without having
- to sit through the movie.
- </p>
- <p> It looked good--if you discount the "boggle" factor. This
- is a psychological effect Stewart Brand describes in The Media
- Lab, his 1987 book about M.I.T.'s cutting-edge research facility.
- It's a sensation familiar to anyone who has spent a day at a
- high-tech trade show or an hour with a fast-talking computer
- salesman. Too much happens too fast. There is too much hand
- waving, too many new things with new names. "The potential for
- being bamboozled," writes Brand, "is total."
- </p>
- <p> In the mind-boggling hoopla last week, it was easy to forget
- that much of the system being demonstrated was still under construction,
- including the all-important network operating system that is
- supposed to field, smoothly and transparently, simultaneous
- requests from the remote controls of thousands--and eventually
- millions--of customers, even when large numbers of them are
- trying to watch the same hit movie at slightly different times.
- </p>
- <p> The boggle factor was most intense in Time Warner's Future Services
- exhibit, where more than a dozen potential services were on
- display--from sports on demand to an instant medical-checkup
- service. In one such service, rock musician Todd Rundgren showed
- off his interactive music system, which allows customers to
- select listening choices by artist, style, tempo or mood. In
- another, ShopperVision demonstrated its "virtual" supermarket,
- where customers can browse 3-D aisles, choose among 20,000 kinds
- of packaged goods and order for same-day delivery.
- </p>
- <p> But none of these applications are up and running on the FSN,
- and many of them are still in the earliest stages of development.
- Even the News Exchange, one of the most advanced, has some big
- hurdles to overcome. It's a video news-on-demand system that
- would allow subscribers to pick and choose from a constantly
- updated menu of stories from ABC, NBC, CNN, two local TV stations,
- the Orlando Sentinel and several Time Inc. publications, including
- TIME. "Ideally, you want to be able to see the 6:30 news at
- 7:01," says Walter Isaacson, editor of new media at Time Inc.
- But right now, because of equipment shortages, getting a news
- tape edited, digitized, compressed and loaded on the system
- takes nearly a week, by which time it's no longer news.
- </p>
- <p> Critics of interactive television say there are even deeper
- concerns. "All these other services are just window dressing,"
- says Mark Stahlman, president of New Media Associates. "The
- key to this whole thing is video on demand. Is it or isn't it
- a business? If it is, it's a huge opportunity for Time Warner.
- If it isn't, the whole house of cards falls apart." Early trials
- of interactive TV, he points out, were not encouraging. In one
- test of a relatively primitive system, families ordered only
- 2.8 movies a month--hardly enough by itself to justify the
- billions it will cost to deploy the FSN.
- </p>
- <p> But Levin insists that the only consumer trials that count are
- ones that offer TV viewers state-of-the-art interactivity, and
- that the time to conduct those tests is now. "Sooner or later,
- every significant player in the information and entertainment
- industry is going to have to understand the implications of
- broadband digital interactivity," says Levin. "Except as every
- competitor in the cable industry already knows, sooner isn't
- only better, it's often everything. The FSN will drive home
- this lesson with unforgiving velocity."
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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